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Rights & Anti-corruption✓ verified

UN Anti-Corruption Convention → Korea Conflict-of-Interest Act

BProbable echo
Evidence tier

Echo patterns are similarity-based hypotheses, not proof of causation. Open the sources and evaluate the linkage yourself.

Evidence Scorecard

A single score cannot prove an echo. This card triangulates semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence.

Probable echo
Semantic
Strong semantic alignment
Temporal
Global precedent precedes Korea
Linkage
Official Korean agency source + concept alignment (no explicit citation recorded)
Tier B — Probable echo — agency/committee linkage + global-first timing + semantic signal
Multilingual semantic similarity
cosine similarity (method detail)0.821

Computed with intfloat/multilingual-e5-small multilingual embeddings. Display score is a calibrated mapping of the raw cross-lingual cosine (0.821); higher means closer meaning. Reflects semantic similarity, not proof of causation.

Could also be…

  • •Parallel domestic policy development is possible.
  • •Industry or market pressure may have driven similar language.
  • •A common external shock (e.g., financial crisis, pandemic) could explain parallel adoption.

Interrogate the Evidence

Answers are rendered directly from this record’s own curated fields — nothing is generated.

Bprobable echo · 84%

  • SemanticStrong semantic alignment
  • TemporalGlobal precedent precedes Korea
  • LinkageOfficial Korean agency source + concept alignment (no explicit citation recorded)

Matched concepts: corruption ↔ 이해충돌; public officials ↔ 공직자; prevention ↔ 방지

Cross-lingual similarity 57/100 (multilingual e5 embedding) — a computed signal, not proof.

Similarity type: treaty ratification and domestic legislative implementation

Matched Concepts

3 pairs
corruption
↓
이해충돌
public officials
↓
공직자
prevention
↓
방지
Original (Global)

The United Nations Convention Against Corruption① (UNCAC), adopted by the UN General Assembly on October 31, 2003 and in force since December 14, 2005, is the only legally binding global anti-corruption① instrument, obligating states to criminalize bribery and embezzlement, establish preventive measures for public officials②, protect whistleblowers, and cooperate on asset recovery across its 190+ state parties.

Echo (Korea)

한국은 2008년 3월 27일 UNCAC를 비준하고, 국민권익위원회(ACRC)를 협약상 예방기구로 지정하였다. 협약 제7·8조(공직자② 청렴·이해충돌①)에 대응하여 2021년 5월 18일 「공직자②의 이해충돌① 방지③법」(법률 제18191호, 시행 2022.5.19.)을 제정하여 사적이해관계자 신고·회피, 직무관련 부동산 신고, 가족채용 제한 등 10대 행위기준을 도입하였다. 협약 제17·18조(직권남용·청탁) 등과 연계된 「부패방지③ 및 국민권익위원회의 설치와 운영에 관한 법률」도 예방적 반부패 제도의 근간을 이루며, 「청탁금지법」(2016년 9월 28일 시행)은 부정청탁 및 금품수수 금지를 통해 UNCAC 제15·16조(뇌물) 및 OECD 뇌물방지③협약 이행과 중첩된다.

Echo Strength

sourceVerified
hasKoreanSource
hasGlobalSource
hasDate
keywordDiversity
agendaTags
Origin
UNUNCACOECD
Timeline

2003 UNCAC 채택 → 2008 한국 비준 → 2021 공직자이해충돌방지법 제정

treaty ratification and domestic legislative implementation

Sources

🌍unodc.org
🇰🇷국가법령정보센터 · 공직자의 이해충돌 방지법 (법률 제18191호)

Related Patterns

ESG Disclosure & Green Finance (Banks)

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

ESG Disclosure Mandate (ISSB-aligned)

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Nuclear Energy Policy Oscillation

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
27%

Media Consolidation / Press Freedom

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
27%

UN Civil Society Participation ↔ Korea Nonprofit Civil Society Registration

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
27%

UNCAC Chapter II (Preventive anti-corruption measures) → Korea Improper Solicitation and Graft Act (Kim Young-ran Act)

UNUNCAC
P(B|A) = 48%category
26%

UNCAC Article 33 (Protection of whistleblowers) → Korea Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act

UNUNCAC
P(B|A) = 47%category
23%

Green Taxonomy / K-Taxonomy Classification

UNOECD
20%

AI Transparency & Generative AI Labeling

UNOECD
20%

EU REACH / GHS → Korean K-REACH & Chemicals Control Act

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 30%agenda
20%

UN Global Plastics Treaty (INC) → Korea Plastic Reduction Policy

UNOECD
20%

UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation → 한국 국제조세 협력 체계

UNOECD
20%

OECD Anti-Bribery Convention → Korea Foreign Bribery Act & Enforcement Gap

UNCACOECD
P(B|A) = 43%category
18%

OECD MNE Guidelines / RBC → Korea National Contact Point & Due Diligence

UNOECD
16%

UN Guiding Principles on Business & Human Rights → Korea NAP

UNOECD
16%

ESG / Climate Disclosure

UN
13%

Soft Power & Cultural Export (K-content)

UN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

Judicial Independence Under Pressure

UN
13%

Gender Policy / Women's Rights Oscillation

UN
P(B|A) = 55%temporal
13%

ILO Core Conventions → Korean Labor Law Reform

UN
13%

OECD PISA → Korean Education Reform Waves

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD CARF → Korean Crypto Asset Taxation

OECD
13%

ECEC Integration & OECD Early Childhood Policy

OECD
13%

Automotive Cybersecurity (UN R155 / WP.29)

UN
13%

OECD BEPS 2.0 Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax

OECD
13%

OECD AI Principles & Korea AI Framework Act

OECD
13%

OECD Common Reporting Standard → Korea AEOI / AXIS Tax Transparency

OECD
13%

UN 2030 Agenda / SDGs → K-SDGs & Sustainable Development Basic Act

UN
13%

Stockholm / Rotterdam Conventions → Korea Persistent Organic Pollutants Act

UN
P(B|A) = 30%agenda
13%

Basel Convention → Korea Transboundary Hazardous Waste Act

UN
13%

UN Convention Against Torture (CAT/OPCAT) → Korea

UN
P(B|A) = 40%category
13%

CEDAW → Korea Framework Act on Gender Equality

UN
P(B|A) = 40%category
13%

Outer Space Treaty / UN COPUOS → Korea Space Development Act & KASA

UN
13%

UN Arms Trade Treaty → Korea Foreign Trade Act (strategic items)

UN
13%

OECD Digital Government Recommendation → Korea Digital Government Platform

OECD
13%

OECD Pension Recommendations → Korea National Pension Reform

OECD
13%

OECD Childcare Recommendations → Korea Childcare Act

OECD
13%

OECD Long-Term Care Recommendations → Korea LTC Insurance

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD PISA → Korea Education Reform

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD Education 2030 → Korea Future Curriculum Reform

OECD
13%

OECD PIAAC → Korea Adult Literacy & Skills Policy

OECD
13%

OECD Starting Strong → Korea Early Childhood Education Reform

OECD
13%

OECD AI Principles → Korea AI Strategy & Basic Act

OECD
13%

OECD Digital Government Recommendation → Korea Data-Based Administration Act

OECD
13%

UN Global Digital Compact → Korea Digital Bill of Rights

UN
13%

OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines → Korea Transfer Pricing Rules

OECD
13%

OECD International VAT/GST Guidelines → Korea VAT System

OECD
13%

OECD Tax Administration 3.0 → Korea Digital Tax Administration (Hometax)

OECD
P(B|A) = 30%agenda
13%

OECD BEPS Action 5 (Harmful Tax Practices) → Korea Tax Incentive Reform

OECD
13%

UN Arms Trade Treaty → Korea Arms Export Control

UN
13%

OECD Tax Morale Framework → Korea Tax Compliance & Voluntary Disclosure

OECD
13%

OECD BEPS Action 6 (Treaty Abuse) → Korea Tax Treaty Anti-Abuse Rules

OECD
13%

OECD Multilateral Instrument (MLI) → Korea Tax Treaty Network Reform

OECD
13%

OECD BEPS Action 13 (CbCR) → Korea Country-by-Country Reporting

OECD
13%

OECD BEPS Action 14 (MAP) → Korea Mutual Agreement Procedure

OECD
13%

Immigration Detention / GCR

UN
10%

Networked Global Governance Matrix

UN
P(B|A) = 48%agenda
10%

Korea AI Framework Act (2026)

UN
10%

EU CBAM & Korea Response (2026)

UN
10%

Deepfake Regulation (2024-2025)

UN
10%

Corporate Sustainability Reporting (CSRD-style)

OECD
10%

Platform Content Moderation (Network Act)

UN
10%

Supply Chain Due Diligence (CSDDD)

UN
10%

OECD Pillar One (Digital Tax) → Korea

OECD
10%

Genome Editing & LMO Biosafety (Cartagena Protocol)

UN
10%

IMO Ship Recycling Convention → Korea

UN
10%

ICAO Aviation Safety & Open Skies

UN
10%

KASA & Space Development Promotion Act

UN
10%

Hydrogen Roadmap & IEA Clean Energy Transition

UN
10%

Consumer Product Safety & OECD GlobalRecalls

OECD
10%

Employment Insurance Expansion & OECD Flexicurity

OECD
10%

UNESCO Cultural Heritage & Intangible Heritage (Korea Heritage Service)

UN
10%

WHO Mental Health & Suicide Prevention Framework

UN
10%

UNESCO SDG4 & AI Digital Textbooks (Education)

UN
10%

UNFCCC Paris NDC & Korea Carbon Neutrality Act

UN
10%

UNESCO AI Ethics Recommendation → Korea AI Basic Act

UN
10%

ILO Convention 190 (Violence & Harassment) → Korean Workplace Harassment Law

UN
10%

WHO Pandemic Agreement (WHA78) → Korea Infectious Disease Law

UN
10%

EU–Korea Framework Agreement → Political / Global Governance Cooperation

UN
10%

OECD Civic Space / FATF NPO Standards ↔ Korea Nonprofit & AML Oversight

OECD
10%

CBD / Kunming-Montreal Framework → Korea Biodiversity Act

UN
10%

EU ETS → Korea Emissions Trading Scheme (K-ETS)

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

OECD Long-Term Care Framework → Korea Long-Term Care Insurance

OECD
10%

UN CRC → Korea Child Welfare & Child Abuse Punishment Acts

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CITES → Korea Wildlife Protection & Management Act

UN
10%

Hague Apostille Convention → Korea Document Authentication

UN
10%

Hague Child Abduction Convention → Korea Implementation Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

ICAO SARPs (Chicago Convention) → Korea Aviation Safety Act

UN
10%

Minamata Convention on Mercury → Korea Mercury Management

UN
10%

OECD CRS Automatic Exchange of Tax Info → Korea 국제조세조정법 §36

OECD
10%

OECD/G20 Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax → Korea 국제조세조정법 글로벌최저한세

OECD
10%

Sendai Framework (UNDRR) → Korea Disaster & Safety Management Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL Cross-Border Insolvency Model Law → Korea Debtor Rehabilitation Act

UN
10%

Chemical Weapons Convention (OPCW) → Korea CW/BW Prohibition Act

UN
10%

1951 Refugee Convention → Korea Refugee Act (난민법)

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

EU DAC6 Mandatory Disclosure Rules → Korea Tax Avoidance Reporting

OECD
10%

UNFCCC Paris Agreement Article 6 (Carbon Markets) → Korea Emissions Trading Scheme

UN
10%

UNFCCC Global Stocktake (GST) → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

UN
10%

UNFCCC Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) → Korea National Climate Adaptation Plan

UN
10%

UNFCCC Technology Mechanism → Korea Environmental Technology & Industry Support Act

UN
10%

UNFCCC Gender Action Plan → Korea Framework Act on Gender Equality

UN
10%

CBD Nagoya Protocol on ABS → Korea Genetic Resources Access and Benefit-Sharing Act

UN
10%

CBD Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety → Korea LMO Transboundary Movement Act

UN
10%

Basel Convention (Waste Management Framework) → Korea Waste Management Act

UN
10%

Basel Convention Plastic Waste Amendments → Korea Circular Economy Act

UN
10%

Basel Convention E-Waste Technical Guidelines → Korea E-Waste Recycling Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

Stockholm Convention (POPs Regulation) → Korea Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

Stockholm Convention (PFAS Regulation) → Korea Chemical Substances Management Act

UN
10%

IMO Ballast Water Management Convention → Korea Marine Environment Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

IMO Polar Code (Ship Safety in Polar Waters) → Korea Maritime Safety Act

UN
10%

IMO MARPOL Convention → Korea Ship Safety Act

UN
10%

IMO Sulphur 2020 (Global Sulphur Cap) → Korea Eco-Friendly Ships Act

UN
10%

IMO Anti-Fouling Systems Convention → Korea Ship Navigation Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

ICAO Aircraft Noise Standards (Annex 16) → Korea Airport Noise Prevention Act

UN
10%

ICAO Long-Term Aspirational Goal (LTAG) → Korea Aviation Business Act

UN
10%

ICAO Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

UN
10%

ICAO Annex 17 (Aviation Security) → Korea Aviation Security Act

UN
10%

UN SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) → Korea Energy Act

UN
10%

IPCC WG3 (Climate Mitigation) → Korea Energy Use Rationalization Act

UN
10%

IPCC AR6 (Energy Systems Transition) → Korea Urban Gas Business Act

UN
10%

UN Cybercrime Treaty → Korea Cybercrime Investigation Framework

UN
10%

UNCITRAL CISG → Korea International Sale of Goods Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL Model Law on Arbitration → Korea Arbitration Act

UN
10%

UNHCR Refugee Convention → Korea Refugee Act

UN
10%

CRC Optional Protocol on Sale of Children → Korea Child Welfare Act & Act on Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses

UN
P(B|A) = 53%temporal
10%

CRPD Article 9 (Accessibility) → Korea Disability Anti-Discrimination Act & Convenience Promotion Act

UN
P(B|A) = 48%agenda
10%

CEDAW General Recommendation 35 (Gender-based violence) → Korea Framework Act on Prevention of Violence Against Women

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CAT Article 4 (Criminalization of torture) → Korea Criminal Act & Administration of Criminal Detention Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CEDAW Article 7 (Political participation) → Korea Gender Equality Act & Political Parties Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

FATF Proliferation Financing → 대량살상무기확산자금조달금지법

UN
10%

UNDRR Sendai Framework → 재난안전관리기본법 (재난위험경감)

UN
10%

UNDRR Sendai Framework Monitor → 한국 재난통계 및 지표체계

UN
10%

UNDRR Early Warnings for All → 한국 조기경보시스템

UN
10%

UNDRR National Platform → 한국 국가재난안전포털

UN
10%

OECD Biotech Policy → Korea Biotechnology Promotion Act

OECD
10%

IAEA Nuclear Safety Standards → Korea Nuclear Safety Act

UN
10%

IAEA Fusion Energy / ITER → Korea Nuclear Energy Promotion Act

UN
10%

IAEA Nuclear Energy / Peaceful Uses → Korea Power Development Promotion Act

UN
10%

UNODC/UNTOC Protocol on Human Trafficking → Korea Criminal Act & Act on Prevention of Human Trafficking

UN
10%

EU GDPR Data Subject Rights → 개인정보보호법 시행령 (PIPA Enforcement Decree)

OECD
10%

UNFCCC Paris Agreement NDC → 탄소중립기본법 시행령 (Carbon Neutrality Framework Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

ICAO Annex 19 Safety Management → 항공안전법 시행령 (Aviation Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

GDPR Art. 33–34 Breach Notification → 개인정보보호법·PIPC 고시 (PIPC Breach Notification Rules)

OECD
10%

GDPR Chapter V Cross-Border Data Transfers → 개인정보보호법·PIPC 국외이전 고시 (PIPC Cross-Border Transfer Rules)

OECD
10%

Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) Guidelines → 원자력안전위원회·전략물자관리원 핵비확산 고시 (NSSC Nuclear Export Control Notice)

UN
10%

OECD Regulatory Policy Framework → 한국 행정규제기본법 (Regulatory Reform System)

OECD
10%

UNDRIP (UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples) → Korea's Traditional Community & Cultural Heritage Policies

UN
10%

GDPR Art. 35 DPIA → 개인정보보호법·PIPC 영향평가 고시 (PIPC DPIA Guidance)

OECD
10%

IAEA GSR Part 4 (Safety Assessment) → 원자력안전법 시행령 (Nuclear Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

DEPA (Digital Economy Partnership Agreement) → 데이터기반행정법·전자문서법 (DEPA Accession Alignment)

OECD
10%

ITU Radio Regulations (RR) → 방송통신위원회·국립전파연구원 전파설비 고시 (KCC Radio Equipment Notice)

UN
10%

UNEP APELL Programme → 환경부 화학사고 예방관리 고시 (ME Chemical Accident Prevention Notice)

OECD
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

IAEA GSR Part 3 (Radiation Protection) → 원자력안전위원회 방사선안전 고시 (NSSC Radiation Safety Notice)

UN
10%

CRPD Article 12 (Equal recognition before the law) → Korea Adult Guardianship System (Civil Code)

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

IMO SOLAS Chapter XI-2 (ISPS Code) → 해사안전법 시행령 (Maritime Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

Semantically Related

Closest patterns by multilingual embedding (e5) — conceptual similarity beyond shared keywords. A computed signal, not a sourced claim.

UNCAC Chapter II (Preventive anti-corruption measures) → Korea Improper Solicitation and Graft Act (Kim Young-ran Act)

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.93

UNCAC Article 33 (Protection of whistleblowers) → Korea Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.92

UN Convention vs Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo) → Korea

Finance

cos 0.91

OECD Anti-Bribery Convention → Korea Foreign Bribery Act & Enforcement Gap

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.91

UN CRC → Korea Child Welfare & Child Abuse Punishment Acts

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.91

UN Convention Against Torture (CAT/OPCAT) → Korea

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.90
Keywords
UNCACUN Convention Against Corruption부패방지협약Korea ratification 2008이해충돌방지법공직자이해충돌방지법부패방지법국민권익위원회ACRC청탁금지법Kim Young-ran Actconflict of interest공직자청렴뇌물방지자산회복반부패whistleblower protection내부고발자보호
Score Guide
Confidence — Editorial judgment, now shown as a confidence tier (A–D) based on semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence. Not proof of causation.
Echo Strength — Metadata completeness score. Rewards verified sources, paired links, explicit dates, keyword diversity, and origin tags.
Vocabulary Overlap — Heuristic score measuring shared tokens between global and Korean texts. Reflects loanwords and repeated terms, not meaning across languages.
PATTERN #uncac-anti-corruption-1