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Rights & Anti-corruption✓ verified

UNCAC Article 33 → Korea Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act → 국민권익위원회

국민권익위원회 (Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission)

CSuggestive similarity
Evidence tier

Echo patterns are similarity-based hypotheses, not proof of causation. Open the sources and evaluate the linkage yourself.

Evidence Scorecard

A single score cannot prove an echo. This card triangulates semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence.

Suggestive similarity
Semantic
Strong semantic alignment
Temporal
Global precedent precedes Korea
Linkage
No recorded linkage
Tier C — Suggestive similarity — semantic or keyword overlap + plausible timing
Multilingual semantic similarity
cosine similarity (method detail)0.739

Computed with intfloat/multilingual-e5-small multilingual embeddings. Display score is a calibrated mapping of the raw cross-lingual cosine (0.739); higher means closer meaning. Reflects semantic similarity, not proof of causation.

Could also be…

  • •Parallel domestic policy development is possible.
  • •Industry or market pressure may have driven similar language.
  • •A common external shock (e.g., financial crisis, pandemic) could explain parallel adoption.

Interrogate the Evidence

Answers are rendered directly from this record’s own curated fields — nothing is generated.

Csuggestive similarity · 63%

  • SemanticStrong semantic alignment
  • TemporalGlobal precedent precedes Korea
  • LinkageNo recorded linkage

Matched concepts: protection against unjustified treatment (Article 33) ↔ 불이익조치 금지 (공익신고자보호법 제2조제6호, 제15조); reporting to competent authorities (Article 33) ↔ 공익신고 접수 및 처리 (공익신고자보호법 제6조~제8조); good faith reporting (Article 33) ↔ 공익신고의 정의 및 거짓신고 배제 (공익신고자보호법 제2조제2호); appropriate measures in domestic law (Article 33) ↔ 국민권익위원회의 보호정책 수립 (공익신고자보호법 제4조)

Cross-lingual similarity 6/100 (multilingual e5 embedding) — a computed signal, not proof.

Similarity type: UNCAC Article 33 (Protection of whistleblowers) → Korea Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act | protection against unjustified treatment (Article 33) → 불이익조치 금지 (공익신고자보호법 제2조제6호, 제15조)

Caveat: semantic similarity only — this tier records a hypothesis, not proof of causal influence.

Matched Concepts

4 pairs
protection against unjustified treatment (Article 33)
↓
불이익조치 금지 (공익신고자보호법 제2조제6호, 제15조)
reporting to competent authorities (Article 33)
↓
공익신고 접수 및 처리 (공익신고자보호법 제6조~제8조)
good faith reporting (Article 33)
↓
공익신고의 정의 및 거짓신고 배제 (공익신고자보호법 제2조제2호)
appropriate measures in domestic law (Article 33)
↓
국민권익위원회의 보호정책 수립 (공익신고자보호법 제4조)
Original (Global)

UNCAC Article 33 requires each State Party to incorporate into its domestic legal system appropriate measures to provide protection against any unjustified treatment for any person who reports in good faith to the competent authorities any facts concerning offences established in accordance with the Convention.

Echo (Korea)

대한민국은 2011년 공익신고자 보호법을 제정하여 공익침해행위를 신고한 사람 등에 대한 보호와 지원을 규정하고 있다. 동법은 공익신고자에 대한 비밀보장, 신변보호, 불이익조치 금지, 보상금·구조금 지급 등을 규정하며, 국민권익위원회가 보호정책을 수립·시행한다. 2015년 개정으로 보호 범위가 확대되었다.

Echo Strength

sourceVerified
hasKoreanSource
hasGlobalSource
hasDate
keywordDiversity
agendaTags

Influence Mechanism

policy learning
Origin
UNCAC (UN Convention against Corruption)UNODC
Timeline

2011–2025

UNCAC Article 33 (Protection of whistleblowers) → Korea Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act | protection against unjustified treatment (Article 33) → 불이익조치 금지 (공익신고자보호법 제2조제6호, 제15조)

Sources

🌍Global source
🌍공익신고자 보호법 (law.go.kr)

Related Patterns

UNCAC Chapter II (Preventive anti-corruption measures) → Korea Improper Solicitation and Graft Act (Kim Young-ran Act)

UNCACUNODCUN
P(B|A) = 72%category
44%

UN Cybercrime Treaty → Korea Cybercrime Investigation Framework

UNODCUN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

UNODC/UNTOC Protocol on Human Trafficking → Korea Criminal Act & Act on Prevention of Human Trafficking

UNODCUN
P(B|A) = 40%agenda
27%

UN Anti-Corruption Convention (UNCAC) → Korea Conflict-of-Interest Act

UNUNCAC
P(B|A) = 47%category
23%

UN Convention vs Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo) → Korea

UNUNODC
20%

ESG / Climate Disclosure

UN
13%

Soft Power & Cultural Export (K-content)

UN
13%

Judicial Independence Under Pressure

UN
13%

Gender Policy / Women's Rights Oscillation

UN
P(B|A) = 40%category
13%

ILO Core Conventions → Korean Labor Law Reform

UN
13%

Automotive Cybersecurity (UN R155 / WP.29)

UN
13%

UN 2030 Agenda / SDGs → K-SDGs & Sustainable Development Basic Act

UN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

Stockholm / Rotterdam Conventions → Korea Persistent Organic Pollutants Act

UN
13%

Basel Convention → Korea Transboundary Hazardous Waste Act

UN
13%

Budapest Cybercrime Convention → Korea Criminal Procedure Act (e-evidence)

UNODC
13%

UN Convention Against Torture (CAT/OPCAT) → Korea

UN
P(B|A) = 40%category
13%

CEDAW → Korea Framework Act on Gender Equality

UN
P(B|A) = 40%category
13%

Outer Space Treaty / UN COPUOS → Korea Space Development Act & KASA

UN
13%

UN Arms Trade Treaty → Korea Foreign Trade Act (strategic items)

UN
P(B|A) = 30%agenda
13%

Budapest Convention on Cybercrime → Korea Cybercrime Law Framework

UNODC
13%

UN Global Digital Compact → Korea Digital Bill of Rights

UN
13%

UN Arms Trade Treaty → Korea Arms Export Control

UN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

Immigration Detention / GCR

UN
10%

ESG Disclosure & Green Finance (Banks)

UN
10%

Networked Global Governance Matrix

UN
P(B|A) = 48%temporal
10%

Korea AI Framework Act (2026)

UN
10%

EU CBAM & Korea Response (2026)

UN
10%

ESG Disclosure Mandate (ISSB-aligned)

UN
10%

Deepfake Regulation (2024-2025)

UN
10%

Nuclear Energy Policy Oscillation

UN
10%

Media Consolidation / Press Freedom

UN
10%

Platform Content Moderation (Network Act)

UN
10%

Supply Chain Due Diligence (CSDDD)

UN
10%

Genome Editing & LMO Biosafety (Cartagena Protocol)

UN
10%

IMO Ship Recycling Convention → Korea

UN
10%

ICAO Aviation Safety & Open Skies

UN
10%

KASA & Space Development Promotion Act

UN
10%

Hydrogen Roadmap & IEA Clean Energy Transition

UN
10%

UNESCO Cultural Heritage & Intangible Heritage (Korea Heritage Service)

UN
10%

WHO Mental Health & Suicide Prevention Framework

UN
10%

UNESCO SDG4 & AI Digital Textbooks (Education)

UN
10%

UNFCCC Paris NDC & Korea Carbon Neutrality Act

UN
10%

UNESCO AI Ethics Recommendation → Korea AI Basic Act

UN
10%

ILO Convention 190 (Violence & Harassment) → Korean Workplace Harassment Law

UN
10%

WHO Pandemic Agreement (WHA78) → Korea Infectious Disease Law

UN
10%

EU–Korea Framework Agreement → Political / Global Governance Cooperation

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

UN Civil Society Participation ↔ Korea Nonprofit Civil Society Registration

UN
10%

CBD / Kunming-Montreal Framework → Korea Biodiversity Act

UN
10%

EU ETS → Korea Emissions Trading Scheme (K-ETS)

UN
10%

UN CRC → Korea Child Welfare & Child Abuse Punishment Acts

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CITES → Korea Wildlife Protection & Management Act

UN
10%

Hague Apostille Convention → Korea Document Authentication

UN
10%

Hague Child Abduction Convention → Korea Implementation Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

ICAO SARPs (Chicago Convention) → Korea Aviation Safety Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

Minamata Convention on Mercury → Korea Mercury Management

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

Sendai Framework (UNDRR) → Korea Disaster & Safety Management Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL Cross-Border Insolvency Model Law → Korea Debtor Rehabilitation Act

UN
10%

Chemical Weapons Convention (OPCW) → Korea CW/BW Prohibition Act

UN
10%

1951 Refugee Convention → Korea Refugee Act (난민법)

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

UNFCCC Paris Agreement Article 6 (Carbon Markets) → Korea Emissions Trading Scheme

UN
10%

UNFCCC Global Stocktake (GST) → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

UN
10%

UNFCCC Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) → Korea National Climate Adaptation Plan

UN
10%

UNFCCC Technology Mechanism → Korea Environmental Technology & Industry Support Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

UNFCCC Gender Action Plan → Korea Framework Act on Gender Equality

UN
10%

CBD Nagoya Protocol on ABS → Korea Genetic Resources Access and Benefit-Sharing Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

CBD Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety → Korea LMO Transboundary Movement Act

UN
10%

Basel Convention (Waste Management Framework) → Korea Waste Management Act

UN
10%

Basel Convention Plastic Waste Amendments → Korea Circular Economy Act

UN
10%

Basel Convention E-Waste Technical Guidelines → Korea E-Waste Recycling Act

UN
10%

Stockholm Convention (POPs Regulation) → Korea Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act

UN
10%

Stockholm Convention (PFAS Regulation) → Korea Chemical Substances Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

IMO Ballast Water Management Convention → Korea Marine Environment Management Act

UN
10%

IMO Polar Code (Ship Safety in Polar Waters) → Korea Maritime Safety Act

UN
10%

IMO MARPOL Convention → Korea Ship Safety Act

UN
10%

IMO Sulphur 2020 (Global Sulphur Cap) → Korea Eco-Friendly Ships Act

UN
10%

IMO Anti-Fouling Systems Convention → Korea Ship Navigation Act

UN
10%

ICAO Aircraft Noise Standards (Annex 16) → Korea Airport Noise Prevention Act

UN
10%

ICAO Long-Term Aspirational Goal (LTAG) → Korea Aviation Business Act

UN
10%

ICAO Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

UN
10%

ICAO Annex 17 (Aviation Security) → Korea Aviation Security Act

UN
10%

UN SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) → Korea Energy Act

UN
10%

IPCC WG3 (Climate Mitigation) → Korea Energy Use Rationalization Act

UN
10%

IPCC AR6 (Energy Systems Transition) → Korea Urban Gas Business Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL CISG → Korea International Sale of Goods Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL Model Law on Arbitration → Korea Arbitration Act

UN
10%

UNHCR Refugee Convention → Korea Refugee Act

UN
10%

CRC Optional Protocol on Sale of Children → Korea Child Welfare Act & Act on Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CRPD Article 9 (Accessibility) → Korea Disability Anti-Discrimination Act & Convenience Promotion Act

UN
P(B|A) = 48%agenda
10%

CEDAW General Recommendation 35 (Gender-based violence) → Korea Framework Act on Prevention of Violence Against Women

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CAT Article 4 (Criminalization of torture) → Korea Criminal Act & Administration of Criminal Detention Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

CEDAW Article 7 (Political participation) → Korea Gender Equality Act & Political Parties Act

UN
P(B|A) = 48%temporal
10%

FATF Proliferation Financing → 대량살상무기확산자금조달금지법

UN
10%

UNDRR Sendai Framework → 재난안전관리기본법 (재난위험경감)

UN
10%

UNDRR Sendai Framework Monitor → 한국 재난통계 및 지표체계

UN
10%

UNDRR Early Warnings for All → 한국 조기경보시스템

UN
10%

UNDRR National Platform → 한국 국가재난안전포털

UN
10%

IAEA Nuclear Safety Standards → Korea Nuclear Safety Act

UN
10%

IAEA Fusion Energy / ITER → Korea Nuclear Energy Promotion Act

UN
10%

IAEA Nuclear Energy / Peaceful Uses → Korea Power Development Promotion Act

UN
10%

UNFCCC Paris Agreement NDC → 탄소중립기본법 시행령 (Carbon Neutrality Framework Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

ICAO Annex 19 Safety Management → 항공안전법 시행령 (Aviation Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) Guidelines → 원자력안전위원회·전략물자관리원 핵비확산 고시 (NSSC Nuclear Export Control Notice)

UN
10%

UNDRIP (UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples) → Korea's Traditional Community & Cultural Heritage Policies

UN
10%

IAEA GSR Part 4 (Safety Assessment) → 원자력안전법 시행령 (Nuclear Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

ITU Radio Regulations (RR) → 방송통신위원회·국립전파연구원 전파설비 고시 (KCC Radio Equipment Notice)

UN
10%

IAEA GSR Part 3 (Radiation Protection) → 원자력안전위원회 방사선안전 고시 (NSSC Radiation Safety Notice)

UN
10%

CRPD Article 12 (Equal recognition before the law) → Korea Adult Guardianship System (Civil Code)

UN
P(B|A) = 53%temporal
10%

IMO SOLAS Chapter XI-2 (ISPS Code) → 해사안전법 시행령 (Maritime Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

Semantically Related

Closest patterns by multilingual embedding (e5) — conceptual similarity beyond shared keywords. A computed signal, not a sourced claim.

UN Anti-Corruption Convention (UNCAC) → Korea Conflict-of-Interest Act

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.92

UNCAC Chapter II (Preventive anti-corruption measures) → Korea Improper Solicitation and Graft Act (Kim Young-ran Act)

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.90

UNCITRAL Cross-Border Insolvency Model Law → Korea Debtor Rehabilitation Act

Other

cos 0.89

UNODC/UNTOC Protocol on Human Trafficking → Korea Criminal Act & Act on Prevention of Human Trafficking

Labor & Work

cos 0.88

UN Convention vs Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo) → Korea

Finance

cos 0.88

CRPD Article 9 (Accessibility) → Korea Disability Anti-Discrimination Act & Convenience Promotion Act

Rights & Anti-corruption

cos 0.88
Keywords
공익신고자whistleblower내부고발공익침해public interestUNCAC부패방지anti-corruption국민권익위원회ACRC비밀보장confidentiality신변보호personal protection불이익조치retaliation보상금reward구조금financial relief부패신고corruption reporting공익신고자보호법whistleblower protection act
Score Guide
Confidence — Editorial judgment, now shown as a confidence tier (A–D) based on semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence. Not proof of causation.
Echo Strength — Metadata completeness score. Rewards verified sources, paired links, explicit dates, keyword diversity, and origin tags.
Vocabulary Overlap — Heuristic score measuring shared tokens between global and Korean texts. Reflects loanwords and repeated terms, not meaning across languages.
PATTERN #uncac-whistleblower-1