Skip to content
Environment✓ verified

EU REACH · GHS → Korean K-REACH & Chemicals Control Act

BProbable echo
Evidence tier

Echo patterns are similarity-based hypotheses, not proof of causation. Open the sources and evaluate the linkage yourself.

Evidence Scorecard

A single score cannot prove an echo. This card triangulates semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence.

Probable echo
Semantic
Strong semantic alignment
Temporal
Global precedent precedes Korea
Linkage
Official Korean agency source + concept alignment (no explicit citation recorded)
Tier B Probable echo — agency/committee linkage + global-first timing + semantic signal
Multilingual semantic similarity
cosine similarity (method detail)0.827

Computed with intfloat/multilingual-e5-small multilingual embeddings. Display score is a calibrated mapping of the raw cross-lingual cosine (0.827); higher means closer meaning. Reflects semantic similarity, not proof of causation.

Aligned sentences

EU REACH (Regulation EC No.

aligned

K-REACH는 EU REACH를 모델로 연 1톤 이상 기존화학물질·신화학물질의 환경부 등록(제10조), 위해성 평가(제24조), 허가·제한 제도를 도입하였고, 화학물질관리법은 유해화학물질 취급시설의 장외영향평가(제23조)와 화학사고 대응 체계를 규정한다.

1907/2006), in force since June 2007, requires manufacturers and importers to register chemical substances above 1 tonne/year with the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), and subjects substances of very high concern to evaluation, authorization, and restriction to protect human health and the environment.

aligned

K-REACH는 EU REACH를 모델로 연 1톤 이상 기존화학물질·신화학물질의 환경부 등록(제10조), 위해성 평가(제24조), 허가·제한 제도를 도입하였고, 화학물질관리법은 유해화학물질 취급시설의 장외영향평가(제23조)와 화학사고 대응 체계를 규정한다.

Could also be…

  • Parallel domestic policy development is possible.
  • Industry or market pressure may have driven similar language.
  • A common external shock (e.g., financial crisis, pandemic) could explain parallel adoption.

Interrogate the Evidence

Answers are rendered directly from this record’s own curated fields — nothing is generated.

Bprobable echo · 88%

  • SemanticStrong semantic alignment
  • TemporalGlobal precedent precedes Korea
  • LinkageOfficial Korean agency source + concept alignment (no explicit citation recorded)

Matched concepts: REACH 화학물질; registration 등록; chemical substances 유해성

Cross-lingual similarity 60/100 (multilingual e5 embedding) — a computed signal, not proof.

Similarity type: regulatory emulation — first Asian REACH equivalent

Matched Concepts

3 pairs
REACH
화학물질
registration
등록
chemical substances
유해성
Original (Global)

EU REACH (Regulation EC No. 1907/2006), in force since June 2007, requires manufacturers and importers to register chemical substances above 1 tonne/year with the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), and subjects substances of very high concern to evaluation, authorization, and restriction to protect human health and the environment. The UN Globally Harmonized System (GHS) provides the parallel international standard for classification and hazard labeling of chemical substances and mixtures, adopted worldwide through national legislation.

Echo (Korea)

구미 불산 누출사고(2012년 9월)를 계기로 한국은 2013년 5월 화학물질등록 및 평가 등에 관한 법률(K-REACH, 법률 제11789호)과 2013년 6월 화학물질관리법(법률 제11862호)을 제정하여 2015년 1월 1일 동시 시행하였다. K-REACH는 EU REACH를 모델로 연 1톤 이상 기존화학물질·신화학물질의 환경부 등록(제10조), 위해성 평가(제24조), 허가·제한 제도를 도입하였고, 화학물질관리법은 유해화학물질 취급시설의 장외영향평가(제23조)와 화학사고 대응 체계를 규정한다. GHS는 산업안전보건법 제41조(현행 제104조)에 따라 2013년 7월 1일부터 고용노동부 주관으로 전면 시행되었으며, UN GHS 제4차 개정판은 고용노동부 고시 제2016-19호를 통해 2017년 4월부터 산업안전보건법 및 화학물질관리법 제16조에 적용되고 있다.

Echo Strength

sourceVerified
hasKoreanSource
hasGlobalSource
hasDate
keywordDiversity
agendaTags
Origin
EUUNOECD
Timeline

2007 EU REACH 발효 / 2013 UN GHS → 2013년 제정 · 2015년 시행 (화평법·화관법)

regulatory emulation — first Asian REACH equivalent

Regional DiffusionJP · TW · SG · CN

Mixed
🇨🇳2010
🇰🇷2015
🇹🇼2019
No echo🇯🇵 Japan🇸🇬 Singapore

China 2010 leads; Korea 2015; Taiwan 2019; Japan parallel-older (1973 CSCL); Singapore non-adopter

Sources

Related Patterns

Green Taxonomy / K-Taxonomy Classification

EUUNOECD
P(B|A) = 36%agenda
41%

AI Transparency & Generative AI Labeling

EUUNOECD
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
40%

UN Guiding Principles on Business & Human Rights → Korea NAP

EUUNOECD
P(B|A) = 37%agenda
30%

EU CBAM & Korea Response (2026)

EUUN
P(B|A) = 26%agenda
28%

ESG Disclosure & Green Finance (Banks)

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Korea AI Framework Act (2026)

EUUN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

ESG Disclosure Mandate (ISSB-aligned)

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Deepfake Regulation (2024-2025)

EUUN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Nuclear Energy Policy Oscillation

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 40%agenda
27%

Media Consolidation / Press Freedom

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 40%agenda
27%

Corporate Sustainability Reporting (CSRD-style)

EUOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Platform Content Moderation (Network Act)

EUUN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Supply Chain Due Diligence (CSDDD)

EUUN
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

Consumer Product Safety & OECD GlobalRecalls

OECDEU
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
27%

EU–Korea Framework Agreement → Political / Global Governance Cooperation

EUUN
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
27%

UN Civil Society Participation ↔ Korea Nonprofit Civil Society Registration

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

EU ETS → Korea Emissions Trading Scheme (K-ETS)

EUUN
P(B|A) = 35%agenda
27%

EU DAC6 Mandatory Disclosure Rules → Korea Tax Avoidance Reporting

EUOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

EU GDPR Data Subject Rights → 개인정보보호법 시행령 (PIPA Enforcement Decree)

EUOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

GDPR Art. 33–34 Breach Notification → 개인정보보호법·PIPC 고시 (PIPC Breach Notification Rules)

EUOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

GDPR Chapter V Cross-Border Data Transfers → 개인정보보호법·PIPC 국외이전 고시 (PIPC Cross-Border Transfer Rules)

EUOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

GDPR Art. 35 DPIA → 개인정보보호법·PIPC 영향평가 고시 (PIPC DPIA Guidance)

EUOECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
27%

AI Misinformation Laws

EUUN
20%

UN Anti-Corruption Convention (UNCAC) → Korea Conflict-of-Interest Act

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 30%agenda
20%

UN Global Plastics Treaty (INC) → Korea Plastic Reduction Policy

UNOECD
P(B|A) = 45%category
20%

UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation → 한국 국제조세 협력 체계

UNOECD
20%

OECD MNE Guidelines / RBC → Korea National Contact Point & Due Diligence

UNOECD
16%

EU Platform Work Directive → Korea

EU
14%

Stockholm / Rotterdam Conventions → Korea Persistent Organic Pollutants Act

UN
P(B|A) = 41%category
14%

Basel Convention → Korea Transboundary Hazardous Waste Act

UN
P(B|A) = 41%category
14%

Stockholm Convention (PFAS Regulation) → Korea Chemical Substances Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 55%temporal
14%

EU REACH Registration Thresholds → 화학물질등록평가법 시행령 (K-REACH Enforcement Decree)

EU
P(B|A) = 55%temporal
14%

UNEP APELL Programme → 환경부 화학사고 예방관리 고시 (ME Chemical Accident Prevention Notice)

OECD
P(B|A) = 49%agenda
14%

ESG / Climate Disclosure

UN
13%

Soft Power & Cultural Export (K-content)

UN
13%

Judicial Independence Under Pressure

UN
13%

Gender Policy / Women's Rights Oscillation

UN
13%

EU Digital Markets Act → Korean Gatekeeper Debate

EU
13%

ILO Core Conventions → Korean Labor Law Reform

UN
13%

OECD PISA → Korean Education Reform Waves

OECD
13%

EU Deforestation Regulation → Korea

EU
P(B|A) = 40%category
13%

EU Battery Regulation → Korea

EU
13%

OECD CARF → Korean Crypto Asset Taxation

OECD
13%

ECEC Integration & OECD Early Childhood Policy

OECD
13%

Automotive Cybersecurity (UN R155 / WP.29)

UN
13%

OECD BEPS 2.0 Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax

OECD
13%

EU DSA/DMA & Korea Platform Fairness / Competition Act

EU
13%

OECD AI Principles & Korea AI Framework Act

OECD
13%

OECD Common Reporting Standard → Korea AEOI / AXIS Tax Transparency

OECD
13%

EU Cyber Resilience Act → Korea ICT Product Security

EU
13%

EU Net Zero Industry Act → Korea Carbon-Neutral Industrial Policy

EU
13%

EU AI Office & GPAI Governance → Korea National AI Committee

EU
13%

EU AI Liability Framework → Korean Product Liability & AI Act

EU
13%

UN 2030 Agenda / SDGs → K-SDGs & Sustainable Development Basic Act

UN
13%

EU PSD2 Open Banking → Korea MyData & Open Banking

EUOECD
13%

EU WEEE / RoHS → Korea E-Waste Resource Circulation Act

EU
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

EU MiFID II / IOSCO → Korea Financial Consumer Protection Act

EUOECD
13%

UN Convention Against Torture (CAT/OPCAT) → Korea

UN
13%

CEDAW → Korea Framework Act on Gender Equality

UN
13%

Outer Space Treaty / UN COPUOS → Korea Space Development Act & KASA

UN
13%

UN Arms Trade Treaty → Korea Foreign Trade Act (strategic items)

UN
13%

OECD Digital Government Recommendation → Korea Digital Government Platform

OECD
13%

OECD Pension Recommendations → Korea National Pension Reform

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD Childcare Recommendations → Korea Childcare Act

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD Long-Term Care Recommendations → Korea LTC Insurance

OECD
P(B|A) = 30%agenda
13%

OECD PISA → Korea Education Reform

OECD
13%

OECD Education 2030 → Korea Future Curriculum Reform

OECD
13%

OECD PIAAC → Korea Adult Literacy & Skills Policy

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD Starting Strong → Korea Early Childhood Education Reform

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD AI Principles → Korea AI Strategy & Basic Act

OECD
13%

EU GDPR (2016/679) → 개인정보보호법 GDPR 상응 체계

EU
13%

EU Digital Markets Act (DMA) → 전기통신사업법 게이트키퍼 지정 제도

EU
13%

EU Battery Regulation (2023/1542) → 전기용품안전법 EU Battery Regulation 대응

EU
13%

EU CSDDD (2024/1760) → 중대재해처벌법 공급망 적용 확대

EU
13%

EU GDPR → Korea Personal Information Protection Act Reform

EU
13%

EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

EU
13%

EU AI Act → Korea AI Framework Act

EU
13%

EU Digital Services Act → Korea Platform Regulation Framework

EU
13%

OECD Digital Government Recommendation → Korea Data-Based Administration Act

OECD
13%

EU Critical Raw Materials Act → Korea Critical Minerals Security Act

EU
13%

EU CSDDD → Korea Supply Chain Stabilization Act

EU
13%

UN Global Digital Compact → Korea Digital Bill of Rights

UN
13%

EU Battery Regulation → Korea Battery Industry Promotion Act

EU
13%

OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines → Korea Transfer Pricing Rules

OECD
13%

OECD International VAT/GST Guidelines → Korea VAT System

OECD
13%

OECD Tax Administration 3.0 → Korea Digital Tax Administration (Hometax)

OECD
P(B|A) = 25%agenda
13%

OECD BEPS Action 5 (Harmful Tax Practices) → Korea Tax Incentive Reform

OECD
13%

UN Arms Trade Treaty → Korea Arms Export Control

UN
13%

OECD Tax Morale Framework → Korea Tax Compliance & Voluntary Disclosure

OECD
13%

OECD BEPS Action 6 (Treaty Abuse) → Korea Tax Treaty Anti-Abuse Rules

OECD
13%

OECD Multilateral Instrument (MLI) → Korea Tax Treaty Network Reform

OECD
13%

OECD BEPS Action 13 (CbCR) → Korea Country-by-Country Reporting

OECD
13%

OECD BEPS Action 14 (MAP) → Korea Mutual Agreement Procedure

OECD
13%

EU Circular Economy Waste Hierarchy → 자원순환기본법 시행령 (Resource Circulation Enforcement Decree)

EU
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
11%

IMO Ship Recycling Convention → Korea

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

CITES → Korea Wildlife Protection & Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

Employment Insurance Expansion & OECD Flexicurity

OECD
11%

CBD / Kunming-Montreal Framework → Korea Biodiversity Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

UNFCCC Paris NDC & Korea Carbon Neutrality Act

UN
11%

Minamata Convention on Mercury → Korea Mercury Management

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

Rotterdam Convention (PIC Procedure) → Korea Chemical Registration & Assessment Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%weak
11%

Basel Convention Plastic Waste Amendments → Korea Circular Economy Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

CBD Nagoya Protocol on ABS → Korea Genetic Resources Access and Benefit-Sharing Act

UN
11%

CBD Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety → Korea LMO Transboundary Movement Act

UN
11%

Basel Convention (Waste Management Framework) → Korea Waste Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

Basel Convention E-Waste Technical Guidelines → Korea E-Waste Recycling Act

UN
P(B|A) = 48%agenda
11%

Stockholm Convention (POPs Regulation) → Korea Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
11%

ICAO Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

UN
11%

Immigration Detention / GCR

UN
10%

Networked Global Governance Matrix

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

OECD Pillar One (Digital Tax) → Korea

OECD
10%

Genome Editing & LMO Biosafety (Cartagena Protocol)

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

ICAO Aviation Safety & Open Skies

UN
10%

KASA & Space Development Promotion Act

UN
10%

Platform Competition Promotion Act (DMA Oscillation)

EU
10%

Hydrogen Roadmap & IEA Clean Energy Transition

UN
10%

UNESCO Cultural Heritage & Intangible Heritage (Korea Heritage Service)

UN
10%

WHO Mental Health & Suicide Prevention Framework

UN
10%

UNESCO SDG4 & AI Digital Textbooks (Education)

UN
10%

UNESCO AI Ethics Recommendation → Korea AI Basic Act

UN
10%

ILO Convention 190 (Violence & Harassment) → Korean Workplace Harassment Law

UN
10%

WHO Pandemic Agreement (WHA78) → Korea Infectious Disease Law

UN
10%

WHO Infodemic Management → Korea AI / Health Misinformation Rules

EU
10%

OECD Civic Space / FATF NPO Standards ↔ Korea Nonprofit & AML Oversight

OECD
10%

OECD Long-Term Care Framework → Korea Long-Term Care Insurance

OECD
10%

UN CRC → Korea Child Welfare & Child Abuse Punishment Acts

UN
10%

Hague Apostille Convention → Korea Document Authentication

UN
10%

Hague Child Abduction Convention → Korea Implementation Act

UN
10%

ICAO SARPs (Chicago Convention) → Korea Aviation Safety Act

UN
10%

OECD CRS Automatic Exchange of Tax Info → Korea 국제조세조정법 §36

OECD
10%

OECD/G20 Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax → Korea 국제조세조정법 글로벌최저한세

OECD
10%

Sendai Framework (UNDRR) → Korea Disaster & Safety Management Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL Cross-Border Insolvency Model Law → Korea Debtor Rehabilitation Act

UN
10%

Chemical Weapons Convention (OPCW) → Korea CW/BW Prohibition Act

UN
10%

1951 Refugee Convention → Korea Refugee Act (난민법)

UN
10%

UNFCCC Paris Agreement Article 6 (Carbon Markets) → Korea Emissions Trading Scheme

UN
10%

UNFCCC Global Stocktake (GST) → Korea Carbon Neutrality Framework Act

UN
10%

UNFCCC Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) → Korea National Climate Adaptation Plan

UN
10%

UNFCCC Technology Mechanism → Korea Environmental Technology & Industry Support Act

UN
10%

UNFCCC Gender Action Plan → Korea Framework Act on Gender Equality

UN
10%

IMO Ballast Water Management Convention → Korea Marine Environment Management Act

UN
P(B|A) = 48%temporal
10%

IMO Polar Code (Ship Safety in Polar Waters) → Korea Maritime Safety Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

IMO MARPOL Convention → Korea Ship Safety Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

IMO Sulphur 2020 (Global Sulphur Cap) → Korea Eco-Friendly Ships Act

UN
10%

IMO Anti-Fouling Systems Convention → Korea Ship Navigation Act

UN
P(B|A) = 38%agenda
10%

ICAO Aircraft Noise Standards (Annex 16) → Korea Airport Noise Prevention Act

UN
10%

ICAO Long-Term Aspirational Goal (LTAG) → Korea Aviation Business Act

UN
10%

ICAO Annex 17 (Aviation Security) → Korea Aviation Security Act

UN
10%

UN SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) → Korea Energy Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

IPCC WG3 (Climate Mitigation) → Korea Energy Use Rationalization Act

UN
10%

IPCC AR6 (Energy Systems Transition) → Korea Urban Gas Business Act

UN
10%

UN Cybercrime Treaty → Korea Cybercrime Investigation Framework

UN
10%

UNCITRAL CISG → Korea International Sale of Goods Act

UN
10%

UNCITRAL Model Law on Arbitration → Korea Arbitration Act

UN
10%

UNHCR Refugee Convention → Korea Refugee Act

UN
10%

CRC Optional Protocol on Sale of Children → Korea Child Welfare Act & Act on Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses

UN
10%

CRPD Article 9 (Accessibility) → Korea Disability Anti-Discrimination Act & Convenience Promotion Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

CEDAW General Recommendation 35 (Gender-based violence) → Korea Framework Act on Prevention of Violence Against Women

UN
10%

CAT Article 4 (Criminalization of torture) → Korea Criminal Act & Administration of Criminal Detention Act

UN
10%

CEDAW Article 7 (Political participation) → Korea Gender Equality Act & Political Parties Act

UN
10%

FATF Proliferation Financing → 대량살상무기확산자금조달금지법

UN
10%

UNDRR Sendai Framework → 재난안전관리기본법 (재난위험경감)

UN
10%

UNDRR Sendai Framework Monitor → 한국 재난통계 및 지표체계

UN
10%

UNDRR Early Warnings for All → 한국 조기경보시스템

UN
10%

UNDRR National Platform → 한국 국가재난안전포털

UN
10%

OECD Biotech Policy → Korea Biotechnology Promotion Act

OECD
10%

UN Plastics Treaty → Korea Circular Economy Transition Act

EU
10%

IAEA Nuclear Safety Standards → Korea Nuclear Safety Act

UN
10%

IAEA Fusion Energy / ITER → Korea Nuclear Energy Promotion Act

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

IAEA Nuclear Energy / Peaceful Uses → Korea Power Development Promotion Act

UN
10%

UNODC/UNTOC Protocol on Human Trafficking → Korea Criminal Act & Act on Prevention of Human Trafficking

UN
10%

UNFCCC Paris Agreement NDC → 탄소중립기본법 시행령 (Carbon Neutrality Framework Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

ICAO Annex 19 Safety Management → 항공안전법 시행령 (Aviation Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

EU-Korea FTA Chapter 9 (Government Procurement) → 국가계약법·조달사업법 (Procurement Chapter Implementation)

EU
10%

Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) Guidelines → 원자력안전위원회·전략물자관리원 핵비확산 고시 (NSSC Nuclear Export Control Notice)

UN
10%

OECD Regulatory Policy Framework → 한국 행정규제기본법 (Regulatory Reform System)

OECD
10%

UNDRIP (UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples) → Korea's Traditional Community & Cultural Heritage Policies

UN
10%

IAEA GSR Part 4 (Safety Assessment) → 원자력안전법 시행령 (Nuclear Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
P(B|A) = 28%agenda
10%

DEPA (Digital Economy Partnership Agreement) → 데이터기반행정법·전자문서법 (DEPA Accession Alignment)

OECD
10%

ITU Radio Regulations (RR) → 방송통신위원회·국립전파연구원 전파설비 고시 (KCC Radio Equipment Notice)

UN
10%

IAEA GSR Part 3 (Radiation Protection) → 원자력안전위원회 방사선안전 고시 (NSSC Radiation Safety Notice)

UN
10%

CRPD Article 12 (Equal recognition before the law) → Korea Adult Guardianship System (Civil Code)

UN
10%

IMO SOLAS Chapter XI-2 (ISPS Code) → 해사안전법 시행령 (Maritime Safety Enforcement Decree)

UN
10%

Semantically Related

Closest patterns by multilingual embedding (e5) — conceptual similarity beyond shared keywords. A computed signal, not a sourced claim.

Keywords
EU REACHK-REACHGHS화학물질관리법화평법화학물질등록및평가법ECHA화학물질의 등록 및 평가 등에 관한 법률구미 불산 사고장외영향평가유해화학물질MSDSSDS화학사고 예방고용노동부환경부chemical registration KoreaSIEF Korea화학물질 분류 표지
Score Guide
ConfidenceEditorial judgment, now shown as a confidence tier (A–D) based on semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence. Not proof of causation.
Echo StrengthMetadata completeness score. Rewards verified sources, paired links, explicit dates, keyword diversity, and origin tags.
Vocabulary OverlapHeuristic score measuring shared tokens between global and Korean texts. Reflects loanwords and repeated terms, not meaning across languages.
PATTERN #eu-reach-1