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Environment✓ verified

UN Basel Convention → Korea Transboundary Hazardous Waste Act

BProbable echo
Evidence tier

Echo patterns are similarity-based hypotheses, not proof of causation. Open the sources and evaluate the linkage yourself.

Evidence Scorecard

A single score cannot prove an echo. This card triangulates semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence.

Probable echo
Semantic
Strong semantic alignment
Temporal
Global precedent precedes Korea
Linkage
Official Korean agency source + concept alignment (no explicit citation recorded)
Tier B Probable echo — agency/committee linkage + global-first timing + semantic signal
Multilingual semantic similarity
cosine similarity (method detail)0.795

Computed with intfloat/multilingual-e5-small multilingual embeddings. Display score is a calibrated mapping of the raw cross-lingual cosine (0.795); higher means closer meaning. Reflects semantic similarity, not proof of causation.

Could also be…

  • Parallel domestic policy development is possible.
  • Industry or market pressure may have driven similar language.
  • A common external shock (e.g., financial crisis, pandemic) could explain parallel adoption.

Interrogate the Evidence

Answers are rendered directly from this record’s own curated fields — nothing is generated.

Bprobable echo · 90%

  • SemanticStrong semantic alignment
  • TemporalGlobal precedent precedes Korea
  • LinkageOfficial Korean agency source + concept alignment (no explicit citation recorded)

Matched concepts: Basel Convention 바젤협약; transboundary movements 국가 간 이동; hazardous wastes 유해폐기물; Basel Convention / transboundary movements of hazardous wastes 바젤협약 / 폐기물의 국가간 이동; prior informed consent (PIC) procedure 사전통보승인(PIC) / 수출입 허가

Cross-lingual similarity 41/100 (multilingual e5 embedding) — a computed signal, not proof.

Similarity type: treaty ratification → statutory transposition

Matched Concepts

7 pairs
Basel Convention
바젤협약
transboundary movements
국가 간 이동
hazardous wastes
유해폐기물
Basel Convention / transboundary movements of hazardous wastes
바젤협약 / 폐기물의 국가간 이동
prior informed consent (PIC) procedure
사전통보승인(PIC) / 수출입 허가
environmentally sound management (ESM)
환경적으로 건전한 관리 / 운송·처리 기준
Ban Amendment / prohibition of hazardous waste exports
금지수정안 / 유해폐기물 수출 금지
Original (Global)

The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal was adopted on 22 March 1989 in Basel, Switzerland, under UNEP auspices and entered into force on 5 May 1992. It is the principal global treaty regulating cross-border movements of hazardous and other wastes, built on prior-informed-consent (Articles 6 and 7), notification and movement-document requirements, a duty to minimize transboundary movements, and restrictions on exports to states that have prohibited import or cannot manage the waste in an environmentally sound manner. The 1995 Ban Amendment further prohibits hazardous-waste exports from OECD/EU/Liechtenstein states to other parties. The Republic of Korea acceded to the Convention on 28 February 1994 (it has not ratified the Ban Amendment).

Echo (Korea)

대한민국은 1994년 2월 28일 바젤협약에 가입하였고, 이를 국내적으로 이행하기 위해 「폐기물의 국가 간 이동 및 그 처리에 관한 법률」을 제정하였다(제정 법률 제4534호, 1992년 12월 8일 공포, 1994년 5월 29일 시행). 제1조(목적)는 이 법이 「유해폐기물국가 간 이동 및 그 처리의 통제에 관한 바젤협약」 및 그에 따른 양자간·다자간·지역적 협정을 시행하고 폐기물의 수출·수입·국내 경유를 규제함을 명시한다. 법은 폐기물 수출·수입 허가(환경부장관), 사전통보·이동서류, 수출입 금지 등을 규정하며, 소관부처는 환경부이다. 현행 법률은 이후 여러 차례 개정되었다(예: 법률 제14784호, 2017년 4월 18일 일부개정, 2017년 10월 19일 시행).

Echo Strength

sourceVerified
hasKoreanSource
hasGlobalSource
hasDate
keywordDiversity
agendaTags
Origin
UN
Timeline

1989 Basel Convention adopted (in force 1992) → 1992 Korean implementing law enacted (법률 제4534호) → 1994 Korean accession + law effective (29 May 1994)

treaty ratification → statutory transposition

Sources

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Semantically Related

Closest patterns by multilingual embedding (e5) — conceptual similarity beyond shared keywords. A computed signal, not a sourced claim.

Keywords
Basel Convention바젤협약transboundary movement of hazardous waste유해폐기물 국가 간 이동폐기물 수출입 규제prior informed consent사전통보승인Ban Amendment금지개정hazardous waste유해폐기물환경부Ministry of Environmentwaste import export permit폐기물 수출입 허가UNEP폐기물의 국가 간 이동 및 그 처리에 관한 법률법률 제4534호환경오염 방지international waste trade
Score Guide
ConfidenceEditorial judgment, now shown as a confidence tier (A–D) based on semantic, temporal, and linkage evidence. Not proof of causation.
Echo StrengthMetadata completeness score. Rewards verified sources, paired links, explicit dates, keyword diversity, and origin tags.
Vocabulary OverlapHeuristic score measuring shared tokens between global and Korean texts. Reflects loanwords and repeated terms, not meaning across languages.
PATTERN #basel-hazardous-waste-1